冬虫夏草与发酵虫草菌的药理作用比较

Cordyceps sinensis（Berk）Sacc.is one of the well-known Chinese herbal drugs.The ethanol extract of this drug（CsBN）exhibited multiple pharmacological actions in animal experiments.It lowered the total serum cholesterol（TC）level both in normal and in Triton WR 1339 induced hyperlipidemic mice.The serum triglyceride（TG）level of Triton treated mice was also decreased, but no change in TC or TG levels in liver tissue was found.The extract was shown to increase the （86）^Rb uptake by heart in mice and to prolong the life-span of mice during hypoxia.It inhibited spontaneous motor activity,prolonged pentobarbital sleeping time and lowered body temperature in mice.These findings conformed with the descriptions in ancient Chinese pharmacopeia in which Cordyceps was considered as a tonic particularly helpful to aged people.Cordyceps sinensis is actually a worm（the larva of Hepialus armoricanus Oberthur）infected with fungi.One specimen of fungus has been isolated and identified as Paecilomyces hepial Chen.The extract of mycelium cultivated by fermentation of this fungus,CsB,was shown to have pharmacological actions similar to,and even more potent than that of CsBN,the ethanol extract of the natural drug.A preliminary study on cholesterol feeding induced hyperlipidemia in rabbits revealed promising hypolipidemic and anti- atherosclerotic action of this extract.In ischemic cerebral cortex of Mongolian gerbils,pretreatment of the extract increased the content of 6-keto-PGF_1aand decreased that of thromboxane B₂, therefore,increased the PGI₂/TXA₂ ratio significantly.Clinical trials with double blind method showed an average of 17.5% decrease in serum TC and 27.2% increase in HDL-C.The total effective rate for 159 cases of patients suffering from impotence was found to be 64.2% which was much higher than 23.7% of the controls（P<0.01）.

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