174例原发性肾小球疾病患者血瘀证与临床及病理的相关性分析

作者	单位
李深	北京大学第一医院肾内科北京大学第一医院肾脏病研究所卫生部肾脏疾病重点实验室
王素霞	北京大学第一医院肾内科北京大学第一医院肾脏病研究所卫生部肾脏疾病重点实验室
饶向荣	中国中医科学院广安门医院肾内科
李晓玫	北京大学第一医院肾内科北京大学第一医院肾脏病研究所卫生部肾脏疾病重点实验室

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中文摘要:

目的探讨原发性肾小球疾病患者血瘀证程度与临床及其肾脏病理类型之间的关系。方法采用现场调查,对符合纳入标准的174例患者于肾活检前3天内行血瘀证和中医虚损证候评分;比较年龄、病程、中医虚损证候、24h尿蛋白定量(Upro)、高血压及血压控制情况、肾小球滤过率(GFR)、尿酸(UA)、甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(CHO)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血浆白蛋白(ALB)等临床指标以及不同病理类型与血瘀证积分的关系。结果(1)174例患者中符合中医血瘀证诊断者159例(91·38%),其中轻度血瘀证111例,重度血瘀证48例。(2)血瘀证积分分别与Upro、CHO、TG、ALB水平和虚损证积分具有显著相关性(P<0·01),而与年龄、病程、高血压分级、GFR、UA、Hb无显著相关关系。经多元逐步回归分析发现:Upro、TG和虚损证积分对建立回归方程有显著意义(P<0.01)。(3)进一步对119例非肾病综合征患者中不同病理类型的血瘀证积分比较:在肾小球轻微/微小病变组(3例)、局灶/节段性病变组(72例)和弥漫性肾小球肾炎(44例)中,各组间血瘀证积分差异无显著性(P>0.05)。对局灶/节段性病变的72例进一步分层分析发现:与局灶增生性肾小球肾炎比较,局灶增生硬化性肾小球肾炎患者的血瘀证积分升高,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论血瘀证是原发性肾小球疾病最常见的中医证候之一;血瘀证积分与Upro、TG水平以及虚损证积分显著相关;伴有肾小球硬化的局灶增生性肾小球肾炎其血瘀证积分较高;提示血瘀证在一定程度上可以反映原发性肾小球疾病的肾脏慢性化病变,是中医证候中影响肾脏病进展的危险因素之一。

英文摘要:

Objective To investigate the relationship between degree of TCM blood-stasis syndrome (BSS) with clinic features and renal pathological type of primary glomerular disease (PGD). MethodsOn-site investigation was adopted, 174 patients with PGD conforming to the inclusive/exclusive criteria were enrolled, and their degree of BSS and deficiency syndrome were scored in 3 days before renal biopsies. The relation of clinical indexes, including age, course of disease, symptoms of deficiency syndrome, 24-h urinary protein excretion (Upro), condition of hypertension and its controlling, glomerular filtrating rate (GFR) based on the predigesting equation of MDRD, and blood levels of uric acid (UA), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), hemoglobin (Hb), and albumin (ALB), with the renal pathological type and the BSS score were analyzed. Results(1) Among the 174 patients, 159 cases (91.38%) were differentiated as BSS, with the degree of moderate in 111 cases and severe in 48 cases; (2) The BSS score was significantly correlated with the level of Upro, CHO, TG, ALB and deficiency syndrome(P<0.01), but showed insignificant correlation with age, course of disease, grade of the hypertension, and GFR, UA and Hb levels. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the level of Upro and TG and score of deficiency syndrome had significance for regression equation establishment (P<0.01). (3) Further analysis on renal pathological type in 119 patients of non-nephrotic syndrome showed that the BSS score was insignificantly different among patients with different renal pathological types as the minor/minimal type (3 cases), the focal/segmental glomerular type (72 cases), and the diffuse glomerulonephritis (44 cases, P>0.05). Further stratified analysis on the 72 cases with focal/segmental lesion showed that BSS score in patients of focal proliferative sclerosing glomerulonephritis were significantly higher than that in those of focal proliferative glomerulonephritis (P<0.01). ConclusionBSS is a TCM syndrome most commonly seen in patients with primary glomerular disease, BSS score is significantly correlated with the level of Upro, TG and deficiency syndrome score, and exhibits a higher level in patients with focal proliferative glomerulonephritis accompanying glomerulus sclerosis, indicating that the BSS could give certain clues of the renal chronic changes of primary glomerular disease, being one of risk factors in TCM syndrome in the development of renal diseases.

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