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目的探讨金匮肾气丸及其拆方（补肾阳、补肾阴、阴阳双补）对雌性肾阳虚大鼠卵巢功能的影响。方法将55只SD雌性大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、补阳组、补阴组、双补组，每组各11只。除正常组外，在大腿内侧肌肉丰厚处消毒后注射氢化可的松25 mg/（kg·d），连续12天。成模后第13天起各干预组按1 mL/100 g灌胃给药，每天1次，补阳组（补阳方，2.75 g/kg）、补阴组（补阴方，6.25 g/kg）、阴阳双补组（金匮肾气丸，6.75 g/kg），正常组、模型组给予等体积生理盐水，连续干预20天。干预结束后第2天眼眶取血，ELISA法检测血清雌二醇（E2）、孕酮（P）含量。计算子宫、卵巢脏器指数（viscera index，VI），观察病理改变。结果双补组肾阳虚雌性大鼠一般状况改善，正常、模型、补阳、补阴、双补组体重增加分别为（35.0±12.5）、（16.7±7.4）、（20.2±6.9）、（18.3±3.6）、（29.4±12.2）g；子宫VI分别为（183.4±11.6）、（144.0±6.5）、（158.7±6.3）、（152.1±6.9）、（172.8±8.1）mg/100 g；卵巢VI分别为（32.9±2.4）、（22.6±1.1）、（25.0±1.4）、（23.0±0.4）、（31.4±3.3）mg/100 g。与模型组比较，补阳组及双补组大鼠体重、卵巢VI增加（P<0.05， P<0.01），各给药组子宫VI增加（P<0.05， P<0.01）。与两个拆方组比较，双补组各指标增加（P<0.05， P<0.01）。补阳组及双补组大鼠E2、P水平提高（P<0.05， P<0.01）。正常、模型、补阳、补阴、双补组E2水平分别为（22.1±9.4）、（9.8±3.0）、（11.3±2.2）、（10.5±0.8）、（16.0±5.5）pg/mL；P水平分别为（14.6±7.5）、（4.3±1.8）、（8.3±2.8）、（5.9±2.9）、（9.5±3.4）ng/mL。与两个拆方组比较，双补组E2水平提高（P<0.05， P<0.01）。与补阴组比较，双补组P水平提高（P<0.05）。与模型组比较，双补组各级卵泡数增多，病理性囊性卵泡数减少（P<0.01）。补阳组及补阴组可见初级卵泡、次级卵泡，成熟卵泡较少。双补组各级卵泡总数明显多于补阳组及补阴组（P<0.05），病理性囊性卵泡明显少于补阴组（P<0.05）。结论对于肾阳虚证，金匮肾气丸及其拆方所代表的不同补肾法均能不同程度改善受损的卵巢功能，但单一的补阳法或补阴法效果不佳，阴阳双补可提高疗效。

英文摘要:

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Jingui Shenqi Pill （JSP） and its dissembled recipes （supplementing Shen yang， supplementing Shen yin， and supplementing Shen yang and Shen yin） on ovarian functions of female rats of Shen yang deficiency syndrome （SYDS）. MethodsTotally 55 SD female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups， i.e.， the normal control group， the model group， the Shen yang supplementing group， the Shen yin supplementing group， the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group， 11 in each group. Except the normal control group， rats in the rest group were injected with hydrocortisone at the daily dose of 25 mg/kg at the muscle of femoribus internus for 12 successive days. From the 13th day after successful modeling， rats were administered by gastrogavage with different recipes at the dose of 1 mL/100 g （2.75 g/kg Shen yang supplementing recipe； 6.25 g/kg Shen yin supplementing recipe； 6.75 g/kg JSP）， once daily for 20 successive days. Equal volume of normal saline was given to those in the normal control group and the model group， once daily for 20 successive days. Blood was withdrawn from the orbit on the 2nd day after intervention. The serum estradial （E2） and progesterone （P） were detected using ELISA. The weight of uterus and ovarian index （VI） were calculated. The pathological changes were observed by HE staining. ResultsThe general condition of rats in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group were improved. The body weight （g） was added by 35.0±12.5 in the normal control group， 16.7±7.4 in the model group， 20.2±6.9 in the Shen yang supplementing group， 18.3±3.6 in the Shen yin supplementing group， and 29.4±12.2 in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group. The uterus VI （mg/100 g） was 183.4±11.6 in the normal control group，144.0±6.5 in the model group，158.7±6.3 in the Shen yang supplementing group，152.1±6.9 in the Shen yin supplementing group， and 172.8±8.1 in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group. The ovarian VI （mg/100 g） were 32.9±2.4 in the normal control group， 22.6±1.1 in the model group， 25.0±1.4 in the Shen yang supplementing group， 23.0±0.4 in the Shen yin supplementing group， and 31.4±3.3 in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group. Compared with the model group， the body weight and ovarian VI increased in the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The uterus VI increased in each medicated group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yin supplementing group， all indices increased in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The E2 and P levels increased in the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group（P<0.05， P<0.01）. The content of E2 （pg/mL） was 22.1±9.4 in the normal control group， 9.8±3.0 in the model group， 11.3±2.2 in the Shen yang supplementing group， 10.5±0.8 in the Shen yin supplementing group， and 16.0±5.5 in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group. The content of P （ng/mL） was 14.6±7.5 in the normal control group， 4.3±1.8 in the model group， 8.3±2.8 in the Shen yang supplementing group， 5.9±2.9 in the Shen yin supplementing group， and 9.5±3.4 in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group. Compared with the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yin supplementing group， the E2 level increased in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the Shen yin supplementing group， the P level increased in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the ovarian follicle at each stage increased and pathological follicular ovarian follicles decreased in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group （P<0.01）. Less primary follicles， secondary follicles， and mature follicles could be seen in the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yin supplementing group. The total numbers of all level follicles were obviously higher in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group than in the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yin supplementing group （P<0.05）. The number of pathological follicles was obviously less in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group than in the Shen yin supplementing group （P<0.05）. ConclusionsAs for SYDS， JSP and its dissembled recipes could improve damaged ovarian functions to some degree. But better effect could not be obtained by Shen yang supplementing method or Shen yin supplementing method alone. Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing method could elevate the efficacy.

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